الزيتون في تونس.. ركيزة اقتصادية استراتيجية وحصاد قياسي
يستبشر مزارعو تونس خيراً بموسم الزيتون لهذا العام بحصاد نحو 500 ألف طن، ما يضع البلاد في المرتبة الثانية على صعيد إنتاج وتصدير زيت الزيتون بعد إسبانيا.
وقد توقّعت وزيرة الصناعة التونسية فاطمة الثابت شيبوب خلال اجتماع المجلس الوطني لزيت الزيتون المعلّب المنعقد الإثنين، ارتفاع إنتاج تونس من زيت الزيتون خلال موسم 2025–2026 بنسبة 47% مقارنة بالموسم الماضي، ليبلغ حوالي 500 ألف طن.
أوضحت الوزيرة أن تونس ستنتج قرابة 500 ألف طن من الزيت، من بينها 300 ألف طن مخصصة للتصدير، في قطاع يُعدّ من أهم ركائز الاقتصاد الوطني.
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وأكدت الوزيرة ضرورة الارتقاء بصادرات زيت الزيتون المعلّب عبر مقاربة تشاركية تجمع المهنيين والفاعلين، بهدف تعزيز صورة تونس كبلد منشأ لزيت زيتون معلب عالي الجودة ووفق معايير المجلس الدولي للزيتون.
من جهته، قال فوزي الزياني، خبير السياسات الفلاحية، إن محاصيل زيت الزيتون تُعدّ هذا العام ذات أهمية استراتيجية ،مشيرا إلى أن الإنتاج التونسي سيكون قياسياً مقارنة بالسنوات الماضية، وذلك في ظل تراجع الإنتاج العالمي.
وأكد للعين الإخبارية أن “المحصول سيكون قياسياً بين 450 ألفاً و500 ألف طن، وتونس ستكون ثاني منتج لزيت الزيتون ومصدّر له بعد إسبانيا”.
وأوضح أن التقديرات الدولية تشير إلى أن الإنتاج العالمي لن يغطي حجم الطلب، خاصة بعد تضرر إسبانيا ،وهي أكبر منتج عالمي ،من العوامل المناخية، مما أدى إلى خفض توقعات محصولها.
وأفاد بأنه يُنتظر أن يبلغ الإنتاج العالمي حوالي 2.7 مليون طن في حين أن الاستهلاك يفوق 3 ملايين طن، أي بفجوة لا تقل عن 10 إلى 12%.
ويمثل زيت الزيتون شريانًا رئيسيًا للاقتصاد التونسي، إذ يدرّ نحو مليار دولار سنويًا، أي ما يعادل 40% من إجمالي الصادرات الغذائية، ويُصدّر إلى أكثر من 50 وجهة دولية.
وتتصدر محافظة صفاقس قائمة المناطق المنتجة بنسبة 17% من الإنتاج الوطني، تليها المهدية وسيدي بوزيد وسوسة والقيروان.
ويضم القطاع نحو 1750 معصرة و15 وحدة تكرير و14 وحدة لاستخراج زيت الثفل، إلى جانب 35 وحدة تعبئة ومعالجة. وتغطي غراسات الزيتون حوالي 2 مليون هكتار، ما يجعل تونس الثانية عالميًا بعد إسبانيا في المساحة المزروعة، وواحدة من أكبر أربع دول منتجة لزيت الزيتون.
ويمثل القطاع مصدر رزق مباشر وغير مباشر لأكثر من مليون تونسي، ويوفر نحو 34 مليون يوم عمل سنويًا، أي ما يعادل 20% من إجمالي التشغيل في القطاع الزراعي.
ووفق بيانات المرصد الوطني للفلاحة (حكومي)، بلغت عائدات صادرات تونس من زيت الزيتون بين نوفمبر/تشرين الثاني 2024 وأغسطس/آب 2025 نحو 3.3 مليارات دينار تونسي (أي ما يعادل 1.1 مليار دولار) بإجمالي 252.7 ألف طن من الصادرات.
